Autism Spectrum Disorder and its Characteristics Essay

In 2000, one in every one hundred and fifty children was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Since then, there has been a drastic increase of the incidence of this disorder. In 2013, according to the Centers for Disease Control, autism spectrum disorder occurs in one out of eighty eight children. (CDC, 2013) That is a significant increase over a relatively short period of time. With such an increase, it is important to learn what autism spectrum disorder is and what might cause it. Autism spectrum disorder is the term used for a group of disorders in brain development. It is a complex disorder and symptoms usually appear before the child is age five. It is called a spectrum disorder because each person is affected differently†¦show more content†¦The first is a pattern of irregular language development. Although, most people with autism do develop language skills, they are generally not at a level of a typically developing person and the progress of their language development is usually slow and irregular. An example of the irregular pattern of speech development seen in autism is Echolalia. Some estimates say that 85% of those with autism spectrum disorder who are verbal with show Echolalia in some form. (Teach Me to Talk, 2008) There are two types of echolalia. Immediate echolalia and delayed echolalia. Immediate echolalia occurs when the child echoes the words immediately after another says them. Delayed echolalia is when a child repeats the words or phrases long after they were originally said. This can occur days, weeks, or even months later. Another example of irregular speech development is prosody. Webster dictionary defines prosody as the rhythm and pattern of the sounds of language. Some people with autism may know the correct vocabulary to use but are unable to use a correct tone of voice. Not only are they unable to use prosody, but they are not able to detect its use others. (Rudy, 2010) This can make them appear emotionally distant, or uninterested. An example of this is; a child, who has autism spectrum disorder, is talkingShow MoreRelatedThe Characteristics Of Autism Spectrum Disorders ( Asd )949 Words   |  4 Pages 1. What are the characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? As described in the textbook, there is a broad range of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). One of the first characteristics noted with ASD is language deficits, or using language in â€Å"odd† ways. As stated in the textbook, â€Å"Children with classic autism may be nonverbal. Alternatively, they may have significant language difficulties, so that their language may consist primarily of echolalia or delayedRead MoreLanguage Development Is A Central Characteristic Of Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1774 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature Review Delays in language development is a central characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Walker and Snell (2013) suggest that children who demonstrate poor communication skills often times are more likely to engage in problematic behaviors. The literature provides substantial evidence that functional communication training (FCT) is an effective intervention to use as a replacement behavior to decrease maladaptive behaviors for children with ASD. In a study conducted byRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder : Causes, Characteristics, Implications, And Management Since It Has No Cure Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism is a disorder that affects social communication skills, speech, intellectual ability and fine and gross motor skills. It is a developmental disorder that is diagnosed during childhood, when diagnosed with this disorder it is expected to stretch throughout life since it has no cure. The disorder is officially known as autism spectrum disorder. This is so because the diagnoses has five spectrum namely; Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome, pervasive developmentalRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder and its Causes Essay906 Words   |  4 Pageswith autism spectrum disorder. Since then, there has been a drastic increase on the incidents of this disorder. In 2013, according to the Centers for Disease Control, Autism spectrum disorder occurs in one out of eighty eight children. (CDC, 2013) That is a significant increase over a relatively short period of time. With such an increase, it is important to learn what autism spectrum disorder is and what might cause it. Autism spectrum disorder is the term used for a group of disorders in brainRead MoreMason was not unlike many children in that according to the most recent Center for Disease Control800 Words   |  4 Pagessixty-eight children is on the autism spectrum. This is a 30% increase from the findings reported two years ago of one in every eight-eight children. The current study also reports that the proportion of boys with autism (1 in 42) is significantly higher that girls (1 in 189) (10 Things to Know About New Autism Data. 2014). Changes in the DSM-V that incorporated Asperger syndrome (AS), autistic disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified intoRead MoreTypes Of Students With Disabilities1446 Words   |  6 PagesI was given the opportunity to observe different types of students with disabilities in a self-contained special education class. I viewed many different types of disabilities such as Autism Spectrum Disorder , speech and language impairment, intellectual disabilities, visual impairment, and physical disabilities. Four out of the six students in the self-contained class I observed lacked social, communication, academic, and some behavior problems. Due to many of the students lacking these componentsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism1492 Words   |  6 Pageslife there are several different disorders that have been well known from many years ago. There is one disorder that was diagnosed in the early 1800’s but it wasn’t until a few years ago that it gained lots of attention. What used to be known as Autism was later renamed in the DSM to Autism Spectrum Disorder meaning, a neurodevelopmental disorder rather than a pervasive developmental disorder (Gargiulo, 2015). Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impairedRead MoreAutism And Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagesthose who are influ enced by that singular perspective. In specific, Autism which is referred to as Autistic Spectrum Disorder, is something that the public has heard before but they do not fully understand or are unaware about its true definition. â€Å"According to the Centers for Disease Control’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM), approximately 1 in 68 children have been identified with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)† (CDC, 2016). This increased prevalence is why it is importantRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) And Autism1544 Words   |  7 PagesAUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER â€Å"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development.† Those with autism may have a number of difficulties such as in social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. It is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments that have lifelong consequences. This paper will discuss how it is found in people, what the effects are, the levels of autism, and how you can helpRead MoreAutism : A Type Of Autism913 Words   |  4 Pageschildren will be born with a type of Autism. This number has doubled since the mid-1990’s (Nature Education). Autism affects 1.5 million people (Howard). Autism develops within the first years of life and is four times more likely to be present in boys than in girls (Kinsey). Some researchers believe autism caused by failure to prune sufficient nerve cells, or to get rid of damaged nerve cells in the proper manner (Howard). There is trea tment for all types of autism and are available but none are known

Water Pollution Is The Contamination Of Water - 2181 Words

The topic for this final paper is water pollution, water pollution is the contamination of natural water bodies that contain many hazardous chemicals that can affect human health. This can have devastating consequences in the lower poorer countries around the world where there is no way for the people there to have access to fresh ,and clean water. That s why in this final essay it explains to the reader all of the hazardous ways you or your family could and even may be at risk for water pollution wherever you go around the world whether it has a unfiltered river system, or it has a proper filtration system and it somewhat fails and the people that work there does inform the public of the imminent dangers of all the unfiltered and unprocessed drinking or everyday use water. That is why this essay provides the reader an example of how Water Pollution can affect everyone globally, and how there are many health issues that goes with that issue , and how it can impact any country s economic status. For my first paragraph Water Pollution is a harmful thing if not careful, such as, â€Å" Water Pollution is the contamination of natural water bodies by contamination of natural water bodies by chemical,physical,radioactive, or pathogenic microbial substances†( C. Michael Hogan, PG:2 pg3/6).In this quote the author of this article is telling the audience that in the polluted waters in any river there could be any of these substances in the water that can possibly cause a very harmfulShow MoreRelatedThe Contamination Of Water Pollution1188 Words   |  5 PagesWater is a transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid which is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. Consuming untreated water can lead to serious health issues. Water can be purified by boiling, distillation or by chemical means like adding bleach. Presence of color in drinking water may be due to the presence of colored organic matter like iron or highly colored industrial wastes. Odors in water may also be due to industrial pollution or increased biological activity. Water safety is a common problemRead MoreWater Pollution Is the Contamination of Water Bodies2408 Words   |  10 PagesWater pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater). Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities. Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Contents [hide] †¢ 1 IntroductionRead MorePollution Is A Major Public Health Crisis1573 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Water, it is one of the most significant source to mankind and our planet. While it exists, so does everything else along. However, in today’s epidemic, there has been certain factors that have risen to awareness whether we can the water today is beneficial or not? In other words, the health risks against water contamination have risen in the past few decades; all from what you may ask? Well, it could be for various factors and perspectives; either environmental or materialistic. Pollution isRead MoreThe Issue of Marine Life Pollution1538 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Essay: Marine Life Pollution Introduction: Pollution can be defined in different prospective including economics. The economics definition of pollution denotes pollutions as loss of environ quality. Furthermore it defines the cost of pollution as the cost of environmental loss (Goodstein, 2011). However the literary meanings of pollution are defined as the contamination of environment that can cause harmful effects on the inhabitants. These effects are particular with the environment and a numberRead MoreCauses And Remedies Of Water Pollution1596 Words   |  7 PagesCAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION AND EFFECTS AND REMEDIES ABSTRACT Water is one of the necessities for existence of mankind. It is also one of the most abundantly available resources. But indifference of mankind and its abuse of the plentiful resource made water scarcity a problem for many nations around the globe. Water pollution is one major problem that demands utmost attention to deal with emerging water crisis. This paper is an attempt to describe various causes and remedies for water pollution. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreSolution Of Water Pollution1036 Words   |  5 Pagessurface has been covered by water, and less than a third is taken up by land. Water pollution has increased dramatically affecting our food system including, drinking water, and our environment.Water pollution is generally caused by human activities but may also be caused by natural resources. Before the 19th century Industrial Revolution, people in the industrialized environment believed that the oceans were too big to be polluted, so the problem of the water pollution has dragged along with it.Read MoreThe Effects Of Pollution On The Environment And Ecosystem968 Words   |  4 PagesPollution The air we breathe, the water we drink, the ground where we grow our food, is polluted with harmful things. Pollution is the introduction of harmful or poisonous effects of a substance into the environment. It disrupts the balance of people’s lifestyle when they are contaminate. Pollution balance in the environment and ecosystem. The environment is in the process of becoming unsafe or unsuitable to use. Pollution can come in many different form, such as air, water, soil can have pollutantRead MorePollution And Its Effects On The Environment1509 Words   |  7 PagesPollution happens when chemicals and other outside substances leech into the ground, air and water. These pollutants contain poisons that adversely affect environments and the living animals inside of them. Although natural well being and security gatherings work to build attention to the threat contamination presents, if contamination proceeds at its present rate, the future impacts could crush to human populaces and the earth. .Air pollution is a gas (or a liquid or solid dispersed through ordinaryRead MoreThe Chemical Substances That Exist Within The Flint River1490 Words   |  6 PagesFlint Michigan Water From what you now know about the Flint, Michigan water crisis, write a minimum of 2 paragraphs capturing the following information: Could the resultant qualitative and quantitative properties of the polluted water have been predicted with chemistry? [2] The resultant qualitative and quantitative properties of the polluted water could have been predicted with chemistry. The possibility of lead entering the water system could have been anticipated from the chemical substancesRead MoreThe Effects Of Pollutants On The Worst Drinking Water873 Words   |  4 Pagesworst drinking water? Unfortunately, let me tell yes that Houston occurs the fourth place of the ten cities with drinking water issue after Pensacola, Riverside (California), Las Vegas, Riverside County (California), and Reno. Houston is the fourth large cities of the United States. It drains many water sources such as the Trinity River, the San Jacinto Rivers and Lake Houston. These water sources provide the drinking water that we use throughout the city. The quality of this water tested by Texas

Internet Usage Policy of an Organization-Free-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the usage and the limitations of Internet Usage Policy of a particular Organization. Answer: Introduction Security policies are set of instructions or rather can be referred to as rules of a particular organization that help the employees to understand the basic constraints of an employee. Internet Usage Policy is the policy that describes about the guidelines and rules of the suitable utilization of the organizations network, equipment, andaccess to internet (Wall, Palvia and Lowry 2013). The Internet Usage Policyis the chief certificate that is signed by all staff members and employees before starting their work in the organization. Violation of these policy norms can end the employee or staff member in prison or he can be penalized. The report outlines the usage and the limitations of Internet Usage Policy of a particular organization. This report clearly defines about the guidelines and the rules of the Internet Usage Policy. It also covers a brief overview, the purpose and the scope of this particular policy. The report also specifies the penalty and the legal actions that are to be taken if there is any kind of violation in the policy. The policy mentions the authorized and the prohibited users. The report also emphasizes on the confidentiality of the information of this Internet Usage Policy. The description of the discussion is given in the following paragraphs. Discussion Security Policy Security policycan be defined as the set of norms or guidelines, which state the security of information or data for a system, company or organization. This policy helps the employees of the organization to understand the rules of the organization and so that there is no violation of rules for the policy (Cheng et al. 2013). For a particular organization, the security policy addresses the limitations or constraints on the conduct of its employees and members as well as limitations inflicted on competitors or challengers by different mechanisms such as locks, keys, doors, and walls (Pieters, Dimkov and Pavlovic 2013). However, the security policy for systems is slight different. In systems, the policy addresses restrictions on functions and move among the functions, limitations on ingress by external competitors, adversaries and systems including access to data and programs by authorized people. There are many systematic strategies of risk assessment and various methodologies to ensur e the comprehensiveness of the security policies and reassure that the policies are completely imposed (Wall, Palvia and Lowry 2013). In various complex systems, such asinformation systems, security policies can be degraded into several sub-policies to facilitate the allotment of security mechanisms to prosecute sub-policies. Internet Usage Policy Internet Usage Policy defines the access and the restrictions of internet in an organization. All employees of that organization follow this policy (Orr, Ptacek and Song 2012). The Internet Usage Policy is applicable to all Internet users, which mean individuals working for the organization that include permanent part-time and full-time employees, business partners, vendors, temporary agency workers and contract workers, who utilizes the Internet through the networking or computing resources (Sommestad et al. 2014). The organization's Internet users are presumed to be well known with and to comply with this internet usage policy, and are needed to exercise good judgment and use their common sense while using the Internet services. Internet is to be accessed for only business purposes. The following Internet services are to be accessed. a) E-mail: Receive or send emails from the Internet that would be with or without attachments. b) File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Sending files or information and receiving incoming data and files, as required for organizational c) Navigation: Employees will get complete access to the Internet and restricted access from the Internet (Sommestad et al. 2014). Management retains the authority to add or remove services as organization needs change and alterations. Internet Access The employee is required to read the Internet usage Policy. He/she will then sign the statement that he or she agrees to comply with the policy. The user does not have any other option except to sign this policy (Choyi and Vinokurov 2012). The employee is granted policy acknowledgement and awareness. After he requests for the internet access, by submitting an IT Access Request form along with an attached copy of a signed Internet Usage Coverage Acknowledgement Form, he will get the access from the IT department. Internet access will be stopped upon completion of contract, resignation of employee, termination of service of non-employee, or legal action arising from violating this policy (Safa, Von Solms and Furnell 2016). All users are given certain ID for their internet access and when they stop working, their IDs are taken back. Utilizing the companys Internet will be supported and given only if practicable business requirements are recognized (Berger 2014). Internet access will be allowed on the basis of the current job responsibilities of a staff member. When an employee shifts to any other business unit or changes his job functions, a new request for Internet access must be submitted to IT department within 5 days (Vance and Siponen 2012.). The requirements will be reviewed on a monthly basis by the organization. Allowed Usage Internet usage is given for the purpose of doing business activities and to carry out the job functions (Cheng et al. 2013). All employees must follow the principles of the organization regarding usage of Internet. The access of Internet can include: Communication between the employees for business purposes; Downloading software patches and upgrades; Viewing possible websites for the product information; For technical information. Personal Usage The employees do not have the right to use the companys Internet for their personal reasons. However, if the reason is genuine, the employee can take permission from the authority and access the Internet (Orr, Ptacek and Song 2012). Users, who opt to transmit or store their personal information such as credit card numbers, private keys, or any confidential access, do so at their own risk. The organization is not responsible for any kind of breaching or loss of information. Prohibited Usage The employees are not allowed to access any illegal web sites and access data from those web sites (Bayuk et al. 2012). Storage, acquisition and usage of information that is not legal, or that negatively protrays sex, race or creed is highly prohibited. The organization also stops the behavior of a political activity that is engaging in fraudulent activities, and in any structure of intelligence collection from the provisions. Other activities are strictly prohibited. The activities include: Access of company information which is not within the opportunity of an individuals work (Berger 2014). This includes unauthorized access of personnel file information, reading of customer account information, and accessing information, which is not needed for the proper completion of job functions. Disclosing or misusing without perfect permission, and changing customer information. This includes making unauthorized alterations to a file or sharing personnel data with unauthorized users (Choyi and Vinokurov 2012). Any behavior that would encourage a criminal offense, or violate any regulations, state, national or international, local law. Transmission, use, voluntary or duplication receipt of material that infringes on the trademarks, copyrights or patent rights of any organization or person. Transmission, use of any confidential or sensitive information without any proper controls. Transmission, creation, posting or voluntary receipt of any threatening, offensive, unlawful, harassing material, including comments that are based on national origin, race, sex, age, religion, political beliefs or disability (Orr, Ptacek and Song 2012). Any type of gambling. Downloading of any unauthorized programs for utilization without permission from the IT Department (Pieters, Dimkov and Pavlovic 2013). Ordering or shopping of goods on the Internet. Accessing of any games. The above-mentioned activities are strictly prohibited as per the Internet Usage Policy of an organization. The employees should make sensible efforts to use the internet in ways that do not affect other employees (Banuri et al. 2012). Specific departments should set regulations on resource allocation and bandwidth use, and should ban downloading of particular file types. Software License The organization strongly supports strictness to software vendors license agreements. When at work, or when company computing or networking resources are employed, copying of software in a manner that is not consistent with the vendors license is strictly prohibited (Ifinedo 2012). Similarly, production of materials that are available over the Internet must be done only with the written permission of the owner or author of the document. Permission is necessary if the user is wanting to make copies of contents that already exists. Copies of materials can be anything including journals, magazines, books, newsletters or other online documents (Neisse, Steri and Baldini 2014). Using organizations computer resources to access the Internet for personal purposes, without the approval from the IT department and the users manager, will be considered cause for legal action including and up to termination. The employees who choose to transmit or store their personal information for example the passwords, credit or debit card numbers, private keys, encrypted certificates will do so at their own risk (Knapp and Ferrante 2012). This can be quite risky as there is always a chance of hacking in Internet that is accessed by many people. The employees should be careful about their privacy and confidentiality. Review of Public Information All the directories that are publicly written on Internet-connected computers will be cleared and reviewed each month end. This process is required to stop the anonymous exchange of data that are inconsistent with company business (Gouglidis, Mavridis and Hu 2014). Examples of public information that are unauthorized include use of credit and debit cards, pirated information, and passwords. Privacy of the users personal information and data are expected to be secured. These are secured through various functions like monitoring, confidentiality of emails and maintaining a corporate image (Vance and Siponen 2012.). Monitoring The IT department should periodically monitor the internet activities so that the users should be aware of their access and they try to limit their illegal usage and activities (Vance and Siponen 2012.). Management should have the right to check and evaluate the personal file directories, emails, web access and all other information, which are stored on the company computers, at any time without any kind of notice (Ifinedo 2012). This examination and evaluation assures compliance with internet usage policy and the employees are afraid to do any illegal work in office premises. This monitoring will even help the other employees to feel safe and secure. E-mail Confidentiality Confidentiality of personal mails or emails is another major function to secure the privacy of personal and official information. The employees should be aware that a clean text email is not a secured mode of communication (Banuri et al. 2012). There is a chance of hacking in such cases. The organization will not guarantee that electronic communications will be private. The users should be aware that the electronic communications could be intercepted, printed, forwarded, and stored by others. The users should also be aware that once an email is transmitted it might be changed (Orr, Ptacek and Song 2012). Removing an email from an employee workstation will not delete it from the different systems across which the email has been transmitted. Maintaining Corporate Image While using the company resources to use and access the Internet, the users should realize that they represent their company (Bayuk et al. 2012). Whenever the employees state an affiliation to the organization, they must also clearly reflect that the opinions are expressed from their own and not necessarily those of their company. The users should not keep company material for example documentation, press releases, internal memos, and product or usage information on any public news group, mailing list or such service (Gouglidis, Mavridis and Hu 2014). Any posting of materials must be approved by the employees manager and the information technology department and will be kept by an authorized person. All the business units and individuals wishing to develop a WWW home page or site should first develop implementation, business, and maintenance plans (Neisse, Steri and Baldini 2014). Official permission should be acquired through the IT Department. This will maintain publishing and content standards needed to ensure appropriateness ad consistency. Moreover, contents of the material that are made available to the public through the Internet should be formally reviewed and supported before being published (Knapp and Ferrante 2012). All material should be to the Corporate Manager for initial approval to continue. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion, it can concluded that security policies are extremely important for all organization. Such policies keep the confidentiality and the authenticity of the company. The report focuses on the Internet Usage policy. This policy defines about the utilization and the limitations of access to internet in an organization. This policy is maintained by all employees. The internet usage policy has some instructions or rules for the employees so that they do not cross their limits while using office internet. The above report points out a set of guidelines that are to be followed by the employees of all organization regarding internet. This policy is extremely beneficial and helpful to mitigate or reduce cyber crime and unnecessary usage of companys internet References Banuri, H., Alam, M., Khan, S., Manzoor, J., Ali, B., Khan, Y., Yaseen, M., Tahir, M.N., Ali, T., Alam, Q. and Zhang, X., 2012. An Android runtime security policy enforcement framework.Personal and Ubiquitous Computing,16(6), pp.631-641. Bayuk, J.L., Healey, J., Rohmeyer, P., Sachs, M.H., Schmidt, J. and Weiss, J., 2012.Cyber security policy guidebook. John Wiley Sons. Berger, T.U., 2014. Norms, Identity, and National Security.Security Studies: A Reader. Cheng, L., Li, Y., Li, W., Holm, E. and Zhai, Q., 2013. Understanding the violation of IS security policy in organizations: An integrated model based on social control and deterrence theory.Computers Security,39, pp.447-459. Choyi, V.K. and Vinokurov, D., Alcatel Lucent, 2012.System and method of network access security policy management for multimodal device. U.S. Patent 8,191,106. Gouglidis, A., Mavridis, I. and Hu, V.C., 2014. Security policy verification for multi-domains in cloud systems.International Journal of Information Security,13(2), pp.97-111. Ifinedo, P., 2012. Understanding information systems security policy compliance: An integration of the theory of planned behavior and the protection motivation theory.Computers Security,31(1), pp.83-95. Knapp, K.J. and Ferrante, C.J., 2012. Policy awareness, enforcement and maintenance: Critical to information security effectiveness in organizations.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,13(5), p.66. Neisse, R., Steri, G. and Baldini, G., 2014, October. Enforcement of security policy rules for the internet of things. InWireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2014 IEEE 10th International Conference on(pp. 165-172). IEEE. Orr, D.B., Ptacek, T.H. and Song, D.J., Arbor Networks, Inc., 2012.Method and system for authentication event security policy generation. U.S. Patent 8,146,160. Ouedraogo, W.F., Biennier, F. and Ghodous, P., 2012, April. Adaptive Security Policy Model to Deploy Business Process in Cloud Infrastructure. InCLOSER(pp. 287-290). Pieters, W., Dimkov, T. and Pavlovic, D., 2013. Security policy alignment: A formal approach.IEEE Systems Journal,7(2), pp.275-287. Safa, N.S., Von Solms, R. and Furnell, S., 2016. Information security policy compliance model in organizations.computers security,56, pp.70-82. Sommestad, T., Hallberg, J., Lundholm, K. and Bengtsson, J., 2014. Variables influencing information security policy compliance: a systematic review of quantitative studies.Information Management Computer Security,22(1), pp.42-75. Vance, A. and Siponen, M.T., 2012. IS security policy violations: a rational choice perspective.Journal of Organizational and End User Computing (JOEUC),24(1), pp.21-41. Wall, J.D., Palvia, P. and Lowry, P.B., 2013. Control-related motivations and information security policy compliance: The role of autonomy and efficacy.Journal of Information Privacy and Security,9(4), pp.52-79

Oliver Twist Essay Example

Oliver Twist Paper In the opening paragraph the scene is set. In the opening few lines he describes his character action as well as comparing by showing the similar actions to like some hideous phantom, moist from the grave, and worried by an evil spirit. Through this comparison the reader can work out that Fagin is an evil character. This sets an image in the readers mind and persuades them to dislike Fagin. We are also told the time, place and characters all in the same sentence. I as a reader will see this to show us that this information is not important. This is as if the information was important he would have put it into different sentences and described it in more detail. By doing this it shows that this information will have little emphasis in the play. By using the long sentence which is descriptive he is building an atmosphere and tension. This is a way that Charles Dickens can create tension. For example, he can decrease the sentence length to create importance of something. He uses the long descriptive sentences when he needs to build an atmosphere. In the third paragraph Fagin is called an old man. Even the two paragraphs before he is demoralised. Fagins face was described as distorted and pale with so red and bloodshot eyes. He is described as a hideous phantom thats worried by an evil spirit. The descriptive language in long sentences used to describe Fagin shows us that Charles Dickens is trying to create tension. We know from the text that he has not been sleeping for a while and is frightened of the police finding him. Again, in the second paragraph there are long descriptive sentences used to build tension. We are described how desperate and poor he is now. We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The fourth paragraph is linked to the third paragraph. The fourth paragraph is a series of thoughts expressed as feelings. In a long sentence we are told of the fear of detection Fagin is feeling. At the end of the paragraph we are reinforced of Fagins character as we are again reminded that every evil thought and blackest purpose lay working at his heart. In these four paragraphs the change in sentence length helps create tension. Further on we notice that attitude can be physical and emotional. The emotions are exaggerated to add more effect on the reader. Each time Fagin speaks we are told of the mood hes speaking in. His movement is described to full detail. This is to create a tense atmosphere. When Sikes is introduced we see the use of slang words. This language is used to show how intellect he is and where he had come from, which was the streets. Fagin had been waiting for Sikes and was never interested in the job Sikes had done. We see that Fagin was frightened by the interest shown by Nancy in Oliver. So he felt a threat to his security but he was not prepared to do anything himself. This showed how much of a lazy character he was. Charles Dickens then moves onto theatrical dialogue. This is when the characters become melodramatic. We now read of hells fire in reference to Bill Sykes. The language used when writing the dialogue in melodramatic language is an over exaggeration of each action done. The exaggerated movements help create more emotions and make the reader more interested in the book as the bold actions create a sense of uncertainty of what will happen next. The use of explanation marks and other grammar helps create tension as the reader feels the characters are showing more authority. When Fagin spoke the words there and damme they had an explanation mark, even though the situation was not tense it was made to be by this. The dialogue between characters became shorter and snappier which creates interest for the readers as there was tension building up. The use of short questions and short answers helped create a scene of anxiety. Charles Dickens uses animal imagery to describe the characters. For example in the second paragraph he describes Fagin when he sat watching in his old lair and at the time was absorbed in thought The use of punctuation makes the sentences flow more smoothly. It was as early as paragraph four in chapter forty seven. The use of semi colons was used to its best by the reader as it allowed a much longer sentence describing Fagins evil thoughts. This helped create anxiety and created thoughts in the readers mind of what he might do in this chapter. In this novel Olivers moral conscience about the sanctity of belongings seems natural in him. Furthermore, other children in the novel use irregular Cockney slang where as Oliver, peculiarly enough speaks in proper English. The opening paragraph of chapter 47 in Oliver Twist, Fatal Consequences sets the scene for the rest of the chapter. Giving the chapter the title Fatal Consequences immediately gives the impression that something bad and evil is going to happen. Dickens immediately sets the scene with it was nearly two hours before day break. He also creates anxiety for the reader by using descriptive alliteration such as sounds appear to slumber, streets are silent and still and silent when describing the streets outside. Throughout the chapter hints are given to us of what will happen next. This is by the language techniques and sentence structure used. This is as it makes the text almost like a riddle and so keeps the reader guessing of what will happen. We are also given a detailed description of the character Fagin at the start which suggests that he will be the main character in this chapter. Charles Dickens uses phrases such as the streets are silent to describe the place and time. This builds a mysterious atmosphere. By creating this tension it helps to prepare the reader for the dramatic events that will occur later on in the chapter. A summary of this novel is that Sikes delivers stolen goods to Fagin. That night Fagin and Noah narrate the details of Nancys journey. Fagin decides not to tell Sikes that Nancy was adamant that her friends dont get into trouble. In anger Sikes dashes home and beat Nancy to death while she begged for forgiveness. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Oliver Twist section. Oliver Twist Essay Example Oliver Twist Essay Even a charity boy, Noah Claypole, who works with Mr. Sowerberry takes an immediate dislike towards Oliver upon meeting him and views Oliver as the dirt upon the sole of his shoe. He takes to ordering Oliver around, appropriately labelling him Workus and aims kicks at him whenever he is within range. He also continually insults Oliver on his background. Neither his father nor his mother will ever interfere with him. All his relations let him have his own way pretty well. This, coming from a boy whose father is a drunken soldier and his mother a washerwoman. It further highlights the fact that the stereotype poor orphan is viewed as the bottom of the society chain. Oliver was certainly not alone in his class, and this is the point that could be viewed as disturbing. Hundreds upon thousands of boys are treated much the same as Oliver and Dickens used this novel as an example of what went on. When Oliver finally could take no more abuse towards his mother, he attacked Noah Claypole after he made the comment yer mother was a regular right-down bad un and its a great deal better that she died when she did or else shed have been hard labouring in Bridewell, or transported, or hung. Oliver could stand no more and lashed out at Claypole. However, when he told his story to the Bumble it was entirely over-elaborated to make sure that a worse opinion of Oliver could be formed, if at all possible. He tried to murder me, sir; and then he tried to murder Charlotte; and then missis. In fact, Oliver had not laid a finger upon either. We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Mr. Bumble, on hearing this story then relayed it to the gentleman in the white waistcoat. (Noah) was been all but murdered sir-by young Twist.. he has likewise attempted, sir, to murder the female servant.. and his missus.. and his master, too, I think you said, Noah? Noah replied that Mr. Sowerberry was out, but if he hadnt have been then Oliver would have tried to murder him as well. Once again, the story was wholly elaborated upon, portraying Oliver as a mass murderer. It is comical how such stories can be concocted, but sad when the reality is that all such people in the same position as Oliver will now suffer. Mr. Sowerberry beat Oliver upon his return. He later run away and was befriended by the Artful Dodger (real name Jack Dawkins). He was then led to London and Fagin, a leader of a gang of pickpockets. Fagin lives off of a small side alley, in what can only be described as a furnished squat. A few beds, shelves and cupboards decorated the rooms but the main abundance within the rooms were handkerchiefs. Although Oliver did not know it, they were all stolen. Fagin also had a collection of jewellery which Oliver saw one morning, but Fagin dismissed it as his worldly possessions. This was home to Fagin and his gang of pickpockets, which were boys, some not much older than Oliver. They had all be trained to work for Fagin and, judging by the resulting rewards, were very good at what they did. Instead of being homeless, starving and eventually dying the boys had dived into a world of crime to stay alive and provide a warm home for themselves. For such children, and that is what they all still were, it shows great poverty and deprivation. Oliver was taken out with Jack Dawkins and Charley Bates to learn his new found trade, although they were foiled and Oliver got caught, although his innocence in the act was later proved. The man that had been robbed, Mr. Brownlow, took pity upon Oliver and took him in to look after him as Oliver had fallen ill. The illness was probably the result of the long journey to London, which he had undergone on foot. In contrast to his previous experiences, Oliver was well looked after, fed and cared for. He lay in bed for a few days, being nursed on and checked and fed regularly. All this, against what would most probably have been the case of neglection at the workhouse and death quickly afterwards. In summary, because of his background and situation, Oliver was taken advantage of time and time again. It seems that children were shown no mercy and used for financial and personal gain. Mrs. Mann, the Board and Fagin all tried to use Oliver to increase their own quality of life and boost their financial income. This shows how cruel and ruthless situations were and the social deprivation that Oliver was forced through, like so many other orphans. Conditions were harsh for those at the bottom end of the social ladder and Dickens illustrates this well throughout the novel, as well as offering a contrast to these conditions with the rich Mr. Brownlow and his kind and generous personality. Along the way, he was the only person that showed trust of any kind towards Oliver and offered him a chance to repay that trust, which eventually he did. Oliver Twist Essay Example Oliver Twist Essay Oliver Twist is one of Dickens early novels and one of his best loved. It has what you would expect from him: memorable characters, evocative descriptions, melodrama, a plot that relies on completely incredible coincidences. Dickens is the master of descriptive narrative and he conjures a grim and compelling view of Victorian London. His over view of London is created through his own experience of growing up and experiencing the badlands and the derelict surroundings put in front of him as a child and through his youth, in this novel he doesnt hold back any knowledge about London or any details either, a true opinion which has made this novel so successful. Introduction How does dickens use language to show the death of Bill Sikes in Chapter 50 of Oliver Twist. What this title is asking me to do is to pick evidence out of the text to describe how Charles Dickens builds up tension and depicts and creates characters in Chapter 50. We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is simple to just look at the death of Bill Sikes as an accident and a coincidence, but there is an enormous amount more that Charles Dickens has done in this chapter. Dickens ability to create an image in the readers head is outstanding, at the start of the chapter Dickens describes Jacobs Island, a small part of London where the story is basically set, he uses long descriptive sentences with superlatives such as blackest, dirtiest, filthiest, strangest, roughest, poorest, cheapest and coarsest, all of these words on the same page and even most in the same paragraph, he uses these words to put across his opinion of the area, the est. words are the worst of the worst you can describe something as. He is describing the derelict ness and the poverty of Jacobs Island in this time by also describing the jobs and even the unemployment of the area, jobs such as ballast heavers, coal whippers and brazen women, all of these jobs are hard labouring jobs. Dickens also creates a wide range of characters that make you as a reader know them, Dickens splits these characters apart by giving them their own sense of speech on a page, different language, in a sort of slang, strong language of criminal underclass which is used in great effect later explained. Again Dickens reflects on the social difficulties and background of London itself in the 1830s, London was swarmed with poverty, diseases, crime, different classs of people, orphanages, overall a very commercial but saddened city. Dickens ability to structure a chapter is also another point to look at, the way he progresss from the description of Jacobs Island, he goes on to describe the river Thames, and then goes on to describe houses, windows, buckets, utensils, and then warehouses, which then develops into one house in particular where the criminals are uncovered which is Toby Crackits room and then to the old chimney which goes on to build more tension and more suspense and thus making the reader want to read on and on to uncover what entertainment lies ahead. Charles Dickens doesnt only have descriptive prestige in this book, he is very well known for his narrative devices, his dramatic use of the dog Bulls Eye, that is so in love with his owner (Sikes) so to speak really captivates the audience in a sense that you feel sorry for this dog, in the end Sikess dog comes back to haunt him as his dog leads the mob to him and that leads on to his death. Which also bring the mob, which is another great example of Dickenss dramatic narrative devices, the mob are described as a huge crowd all after one man, Bill Sikes, every man or woman in London seems to be chasing Bill Sikes and after his head in the way Dickens describes them, hundreds of angry, bloodthirsty citizens of London, in fact there were so many of them as he describes they got themselves in grave danger, falling over each other and nearly crushing each other. Before the mob is introduced there is a coming together of little Charley Bates and Bill Sikes which leads to the mob coming, Charley stands up to bates and a fight breaks out, the description of the fight is outstanding, Pouring out the cries, and accompanying them with violent gesticulation, the boy actually threw himself, single-handed, upon the strong man, and in the intensity of his energy and the suddenness of his surprise, brought him heavily to the ground. These words give you a sense of tension and happiness as Charley attacks the murderer, but also leaves you with anxiety as to whether Charley has a chance. Oliver Twist Essay Example Oliver Twist Paper Oliver Twist is a prose fiction written by Charles Dickens. It is a story written in the nineteenth century. It is a story about a flump boy who lost his parents in the early age. In his bid for several he meets a lot of people some with negative impact on his life and some with positive impact on his life. It is my intention in this essay to discuss four characters (two with positive effect and two with negative effect on Oliver Twists life) I will write about the first character who is Fagin. What does he affect Olivers life? Fagin made to Oliver an old mattress so he could sleep in it. He gave him a meal to eat and to make Oliver love him or to make him his friend. How he affects Oliver? Fagin tries to make Oliver like him at the first time the met and to seen kind to Oliver, so now we know his first point and the second point to make Oliver one of his boys but as we know that he failed a achieve his aim. Because Oliver knew that Fagin is a thief. Oliver discovered that when he send him to sell the books and a old gentleman came to see what he have in or even to buy a book. We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Oliver Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The old man his name is Mr. Brownlow. At the same time Fagins boys steals Mr. Brownlows handkerchief. What happens to Fagins boys at the end of the story? Acting on information, which is given to the police by Mr. Brownlow, the police arrested Fagin with several of his boys. At his trial, Fagin was condemned to end his life on the gallows. My feeling about him that he was trying to make Oliver Twist a thief as he and one of his boys and to make him lose his future by setting him up and to put him in the gallows with his boys. The second character to be studied is Mr. Brownlow: How does he affect Oliver? He affects Oliver in a lot of ways. First he make Oliver know that he has a father, he takes Oliver from the street and put him in a nice quiet room. So, that to make Oliver feel comfortable or to make him feel like he has a father and a family and that they care about him. Mr. Brownlow returns every thing that Oliver missed in his life also he returned to him his fathers money. Because at the end we see that Oliver was from one of the richest families in the town and his father when he died left everything to Oliver so that he will have a good future. How does Mr. Brownlow affect Oliver? Oliver feel that there are good people in this life because if there is another one can take all his money in easy way and without any body knowing also he will never forget what Mr. Brownlow did for him, his life and future. What happens to Mr. Brownlow at the end of the story? Mr. Brownlow, Oliver and Mrs Bedwin live in a nice place in the countryside in the greenside of the earth with beautiful fields, flowers and trees. My feeling about Mr. Brownlow? My feeling is he is a good gentleman because he did what no other man can do. First he gives to Oliver a nice place to live in and to grow up in a good place also he put the thief and his boys behind the bars. So I think that he is very good man. Mrs Bedwin plays a motherly role in the life of Oliver. She gives him a chance to grow up and live a sheltered life. She has positive impact on Olivers life. Mr Brownlows housekeeper for along time, she is plump, motherly looking, old lady, with a loving expression on her face. How does Mrs Bedwin affect Oliver? Mrs Bedwin affect Oliver by giving him a motherly affection, that is by making Oliver look up to her as a mother, like when the mother sees her only son ill, and she goes to do things that makes Oliver feel better. What happens to Mrs Bedwin at the end of the story? At the end of the story Mrs. Bedwin, Mr. Brownlow and Oliver lived, the rest of their lives in the country side in a nice place, where she can see her son, I mean Oliver growing up and to making him feel comfortable. She cares for Oliver like her own son. My feeling about Mrs Bedwin? Mrs Bedwin has the ability to show love and show kindness to the person she deal with to make him feel safe with a nice lady and I notice that when she said to Oliver Hush, dear she said softy you must stay quiet now or you will be ill again. And when she took with Mr Brownlow about his expression I notice that she knew that face before like she knew his real mother. I think that she discovered that Oliver was Mr Brownlow best friends son, and that is why Mr Brownlow gave him the money back. Nancy is one of the characters that affect Olivers life in positively and negatively at the same time because in the first time or the first half she had a negative impact and the other half she affected him positively. How does she affect Oliver? She tries to get Oliver and give him to Fagin and she is a member of Fagins band. I call them band because the band cant play with out the head, which is the singer, and also the rest of the band cant get out because they wouldnt find another job. So, that is why I call them a band. And she didnt really affect Oliver because dose not do a lot of things, she just told the police that Oliver was her brother, which is not true, she tried to make Mrs Bedwin good and helpful to wards her, by crying and that stuff. She tried to make Mrs Bedwin to help her but the only thing that she did well to Fagin which is telling him where Oliver is and that has in impact on Olivers life. What happens to her at the end of the story? When Fagin knew that Nancys had met Rose and Mr Brownlow on London Bridge. Fagin is enraged, he sent for Bill Sikes. And tells him the story of what happens to him and with that boy which is Oliver. Bill has always been a brutal man, took his pistol and cold-heartedly, he went to see Nancy. On this night Nancy was killed by from Bill Sikes with out any one knowing that except Fagin because he made Bill to kill her. My feeling about Nancy? Nancy on the first of the play or novel I didnt liker her because she tried to get Oliver into trouble and problems. But at the end of novel of the story I notice that she tried to put behind what she did to Oliver. So, I think that I changed my thoughts about her. And I notice is well that she did a very great job to Oliver by telling Mr Brownlow and Rose about the man who tried to kill Oliver and she also gave a lot of information that may affect Olivers life.